【born和borne的意思用法有什么区别】在英语中,"born" 和 "borne" 是两个容易混淆的词,它们都源自动词 "bear"(意为“生、携带”),但用法和含义有所不同。为了帮助学习者更好地理解这两个词的区别,本文将从词性、含义、用法以及常见搭配等方面进行总结,并通过表格形式清晰展示。
一、基本定义与词性
单词 | 词性 | 含义 |
born | 过去分词 | 表示“出生”,常用于被动语态 |
borne | 过去分词 | 表示“携带、承受、经历”,多用于主动或被动语态 |
二、主要区别
1. 词义不同:
- Born 主要表示“出生”,强调“出生的事实”。
- 例句:She was born in 1995.
- Borne 则表示“携带、承受、经历”,强调“承载或承受某物”。
- 例句:The ship was borne on the waves.
2. 使用场景不同:
- Born 多用于描述人的出生情况,常与 "be born" 搭配。
- 例句:He was born into a poor family.
- Borne 多用于描述事物的承载、支撑或经历某种状态。
- 例句:The weight of the world was borne by the old man.
3. 语态差异:
- Born 通常用于被动语态,如 “be born”。
- Borne 可用于主动或被动语态,如 “carry something and be borne”。
4. 常见搭配:
- Born 常见搭配:
- be born in/into
- be born to someone
- be born with a silver spoon in one's mouth(含着银勺子出生,比喻出身富贵)
- Borne 常见搭配:
- bear (something) and be borne
- be borne on
- bear the burden / be borne by
三、典型例句对比
句子 | 解释 |
She was born in New York. | 她出生在美国纽约。 |
The baby was borne safely. | 婴儿安全地被生下来了。 |
He was born into a rich family. | 他出生在一个富裕的家庭。 |
The boat was borne by the tide. | 小船被潮水托起。 |
I can't bear the pain any longer. | 我无法再忍受这种疼痛了。 |
The pressure was borne by the team. | 团队承担了压力。 |
四、总结
项目 | born | borne |
词性 | 过去分词 | 过去分词 |
含义 | 出生 | 携带、承受、经历 |
常用搭配 | be born in/into, born to... | bear something, be borne by... |
语态 | 多用于被动语态 | 可用于主动或被动语态 |
适用对象 | 人 | 人或物 |
通过以上分析可以看出,“born” 和 “borne” 虽然都是 “bear” 的过去分词,但在实际使用中有着明显的区别。掌握它们的用法有助于更准确地表达意思,避免语法错误。